ALL THE INFORMATION HAS BEEN TAKEN FROM WIKIPEDIA MESOPOTAMIAN CIVILIZATION Mesopotamia is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system , in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent , in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq , Kuwait , the eastern parts of Syria , Southeastern Turkey , and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders . [1] The Sumerians and Akkadians (including Assyrians and Babylonians ) dominated Mesopotamia from the beginning of written history (c. 3100 BC) to the fall of Babylon in 539 BC, when it was conquered by the Achaemenid Empire . It fell to Alexander the Great in 332 BC, and after his death, it became part of the Greek Seleucid Empire . Around 150 BC, Mesopotamia was under the control of the Parthian Empire . Mesopotamia became a battleground between the Romans and Parthians, with western parts of Mesopotamia coming under ephemeral Roman